Publication Type	Review
Authors	Koob G, Hicks M, Wee S, Rosenberg J, De B, Kaminsky S, Moreno A, Janda K, Crystal R
Journal	CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets
Volume	10
Issue	8
Pagination	899-904
Date Published	12/01/2011
ISSN	1996-3181
Keywords	Adenoviridae, Cocaine, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Vaccines
Abstract	The challenge in developing an anti-cocaine vaccine is that cocaine is a small molecule, invisible to the immune system. Leveraging the knowledge that adenovirus (Ad) capsid proteins are highly immunogenic in humans, we hypothesized that linking a cocaine hapten to Ad capsid proteins would elicit high-affinity, high-titer antibodies against cocaine, sufficient to sequester systemically administered cocaine and prevent access to the brain, thus suppressing cocaine-induced behaviors. Based on these concepts, we developed dAd5GNE, a disrupted E1-E3- serotype 5 Ad with GNE, a stable cocaine analog, covalently linked to the Ad capsid proteins. In pre-clinical studies, dAd5GNE evoked persistent, high titer, high affinity IgG anti-cocaine antibodies, and was highly effective in blocking cocaine-induced hyperactivity and cocaine self-administration behavior in rats. Future studies will be designed to expand the efficacy studies, carry out relevant toxicology studies, and test dAd5GNE in human cocaine addicts.
DOI	10.2174/187152711799219334
PubMed ID	22229312
PubMed Central ID	PMC3369545